link : https://access.redhat.com/solutions/367753
How can we use Amanda to backup data in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6?
환경
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
amsrv.example.com/amsrv 192.168.100.154 Amanda Server RHEL6.3
amcli3.example.com/amcli3 192.168.100.196 Amanda Client RHEL6.3
-Make sure the hostname is correctly configured on all the nodes.
Node amcli3 - client
[root@amcli3 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=amcli3.example.com
[root@amcli3 ~]# hostname
amcli3.example.com
Node amsrv - server
[root@amsrv ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=amsrv.example.com
[root@amsrv ~]# hostname
amsrv.example.com
- Make sure /etc/hosts or DNS is correctly configured on all the nodes.
[root@amcli3 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
192.168.100.154 amsrv.example.com amsrv
192.168.100.196 amcli3.example.com amcli3
-Make sure yum is correctly configured on all the nodes.
Server Installation and Configuration
Install RPM package required by Amanda Server.
[root@amsrv ~]# yum install -y amanda-server amanda-client
note: amanda-client rpm is necessary for the amanda server side build.
As if the amanda-clinet rpm is not installed the amanda service will not be able to start up.
-Change setting in /etc/xinetd.d/amanda and enable this service
root@amsrv ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/amanda
# default: off
# description: The client for the Amanda backup system.\
# This must be on for systems being backed up\
# by Amanda.
service amanda
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = amandabackup
group = disk
server = /usr/sbin/amandad
server_args = -auth=bsd amdump amindexd amidxtaped
disable = no
}
note: about server_args, the default is = -auth=bsd amdump, so please do not forget to edit it.
[root@amsrv ~]# chkconfig amanda on
[root@amsrv ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
[root@amsrv ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@amsrv ~]# service iptables stop
[root@amsrv ~]# service xinetd start
-Edit file /var/lib/amanda/.amandahost so amanda client can run amresotre.
[root@amsrv ~]# cat /var/lib/amanda/.amandahosts
amcli3.example.com root amindexd amidxtaped
amcli3 root amindexd amidxtaped
-Configure file /etc/amanda/amcli3, we can copy /etc/amanda/DailySet1 to /etc/amanda/amcli3, and change the config file due to below steps:
[root@amsrv amcli3]# cat /etc/amanda/amcli3/amanda.conf
org "amcli3"
mailto "amandabackup" # mail address
dumpuser "amandabackup"
inparallel 4
dumporder "sssS"
taperalgo first
displayunit "k"
netusage 8000 Kbps
dumpcycle 4 weeks
runspercycle 20
tapecycle 25 tapes
bumpsize 20 Mb # minimum savings (threshold) to bump level 1 -> 2
bumpdays 1 # minimum days at each level
bumpmult 4 # threshold = bumpsize * bumpmult^(level-1)
etimeout 300 # number of seconds per filesystem for estimates.
dtimeout 1800 # number of idle seconds before a dump is aborted.
ctimeout 30 # maximum number of seconds that amcheck waits
device_output_buffer_size 1280k
usetimestamps yes
flush-threshold-dumped 0
flush-threshold-scheduled 0
taperflush 0
autoflush no
runtapes 2
tpchanger "chg-disk"
tapedev "file:///backup/amcli3"
changerfile "/etc/amanda/amcli3/changer.conf"
changerdev "/dev/null"
maxdumpsize -1 # Maximum number of bytes the planner will schedule
tapetype HARD-DISK # what kind of tape it is (see tapetypes below)
labelstr "^amcli3-[0-9][0-9]*$" # label constraint regex: all tapes must match
amrecover_do_fsf yes # amrecover will call amrestore with the
amrecover_check_label yes # amrecover will call amrestore with the
amrecover_changer "changer" # amrecover will use the changer if you restore
holdingdisk hd1 {
comment "main holding disk"
directory "/dumps/amcli3" # where the holding disk is
use 40 Gb # how much space can we use on it
chunksize 1024Mb # size of chunk if you want big dump to be
}
infofile "/etc/amanda/amcli3/curinfo" # database DIRECTORY
logdir "/etc/amanda/amcli3" # log directory
indexdir "/etc/amanda/amcli3/index" # index directory
define dumptype global {
comment "Global definitions"
}
define interface local {
comment "a local disk"
use 8000 kbps
}
define application-tool app_amgtar {
comment "amgtar"
plugin "amgtar"
}
define dumptype data-tar {
global
program "GNUTAR"
tape_splitsize 1000 Mb
comment "etc dumped with tar"
compress none
index yes
priority high
}
define dumptype data-dump {
global
program "DUMP"
comment "etc dumped with dump"
compress none
index yes
priority low
}
define tapetype HARD-DISK {
comment "disk-to-disk"
length 1024 mbytes
}
define script-tool sc-email {
comment "script-email"
plugin "script-email"
execute_on pre-dle-amcheck, pre-host-amcheck, post-dle-amcheck, post-host-amcheck, pre-dle-estimate, pre-host-estimate, post-dle-estimate, post-host-estimate, pre-dle-backup, pre-host-backup, post-dle-backup, post-host-backup
execute_where server # or client
property "mailto" "martinea"
}
unreserved-tcp-port 1025,65535
-Add virtual tape(harddisk tapes):
[root@amsrv ~]# mkdir /backup/amcli3/ -p
[root@amsrv ~]# cd /backup/amcli3
[root@amsrv amcli3]# for i in `seq 1 24` ; do mkdir slot$i; done
[root@amsrv amcli3]# chown -R amandabackup.disk /backup
-Prepare holding-disk
[root@amsrv ~]# mkdir /dumps/amcli3 -p
[root@amsrv ~]# chown -R amandabackup.disk /dumps
- prepare index and current info.
[root@amsrv amcli3]# mkdir /etc/amanda/amcli3/curinfo/ -p
[root@amsrv amcli3]# mkdir /etc/amanda/amcli3/index/ -p
[root@amsrv amcli3]# chown -R amandabackup.disk /etc/amanda/*
- And edit filelist to choose which file/directory to backup.
[root@amsrv ~]# cat /etc/amanda/amcli3/disklist
amcli3.example.com /data1 data-tar
amcli3.example.com /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home data-dump
- Add tapelist
[root@amsrv amcli3]# touch /etc/amanda/amcli3/tapelist
[root@amsrv amcli3]# chown amandabackup.disk /etc/amanda/amcli3/tapelist
- Set label for all tapes
[root@amsrv amcli3]# su - amandabackup
-bash-4.1$ for i in `seq 1 9`; do /usr/sbin/amlabel amcli3 amcli3-0$i slot $i; done
-bash-4.1$ for i in `seq 10 24`; do /usr/sbin/amlabel amcli3 amcli3-$i slot $i; done
===========================================================================================
[[ Client Installation ]]
- Install RPM.
[root@amcli3 ~]# yum install -y amanda-client
- Enable service amanda and xinetd.
[root@amcli3 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/amanda
# default: off
# description: The client for the Amanda backup system.\
# This must be on for systems being backed up\
# by Amanda.
service amanda
{
disable = no
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = amandabackup
group = disk
server = /usr/sbin/amandad
server_args = -auth=bsd amdump
}
[root@amcli3 ~]# chkconfig amanda on
[root@amcli3 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
[root@amcli3 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@amcli3 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@amcli3 ~]# service xinetd start
- Change .amandahost
[root@amcli3 ~]# cat /var/lib/amanda/.amandahosts
amsrv.example.com amandabackup
amsrv amandabackup
amsrv.example.com root
amsrv root
- Change /etc/amanda/amcli3/amanda-client.conf
[root@amcli3 ~]# cp -r /etc/amanda/DailySet1 /etc/amanda/amcli3
[root@amcli3 ~]# cat /etc/amanda/amcli3/amanda-client.conf
conf "amcli3"
index_server "amsrv.example.com" # your amindexd server
tape_server "amsrv.example.com" # your amidxtaped server
auth "bsd"
unreserved-tcp-port 1025,65535
= innstall end =
= Now operation =
Check Configuration on Amanda Server
- Check configuration, it should not report error or warning. Note it would check server configuration and try to test server-client communications.
-bash-4.1$ /usr/sbin/amcheck amcli3
Amanda Tape Server Host Check
-----------------------------
Holding disk /dumps/amcli3: 44883968 KB disk space available, using 41943040 KB as requested
slot 24:read label `amcli3-24', date `X'.
NOTE: skipping tape-writable test
Tape amcli3-24 label ok
NOTE: host info dir /etc/amanda/amcli3/curinfo/amcli3.example.com does not exist
NOTE: it will be created on the next run.
NOTE: index dir /etc/amanda/amcli3/index/amcli3.example.com does not exist
NOTE: it will be created on the next run.
Server check took 0.773 seconds
Amanda Backup Client Hosts Check
--------------------------------
Client check: 1 host checked in 1.140 seconds. 0 problems found.
(brought to you by Amanda 2.6.1p2)
- Then please run amdump by user amandabackup
[root@amsrv ~]# su - amandabackup
-bash-4.1$ /usr/sbin/amdump amcli3
-bash-4.1$ /usr/sbin/amstatus amcli3
- With above configuration, we can find the data will be first saved into /dumps which is holding-disk, and then it would be moved to virtual tapes ( /backup/ in this case).
[root@amsrv ~]# du -s /dumps/ -h
1.4G /dumps/
- and after somewhile we can find the data would be moved to /backup.
[root@amsrv ~]# du -s /backup/amcli3 -h
1.4G /backup/amcli3
Restore Data
- Run this on a client by user root. This is an example to show the files and restore the file in /data1
[root@amcli3 /]# amrecover amcli3 -s amsrv -t amsrv
AMRECOVER Version 2.6.1p2. Contacting server on amsrv.example.com ...
220 amsrv AMANDA index server (2.6.1p2) ready.
Setting restore date to today (2013-05-08)
200 Working date set to 2013-05-08.
200 Config set to amcli3.
200 Dump host set to amcli3.example.com.
Use the setdisk command to choose dump disk to recover
amrecover> listdisk
200- List of disk for host amcli3.example.com
201- /data1
201- /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
200 List of disk for host amcli3.example.com
amrecover> setdisk /data1
200 Disk set to /data1.
amrecover> ls
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.09
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.08
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.07
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.06
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.05
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.04
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.03
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.02
2013-05-08-00-43-09 file.01
2013-05-08-00-43-09 aaa.img
2013-05-08-00-43-09 aa4.img
2013-05-08-00-43-09 aa3.img
2013-05-08-00-43-09 aa.img
2013-05-08-00-43-09 00002.amcli2.example.com._data1.0
2013-05-08-00-43-09 00001.amcli2.example.com._data2.0
2013-05-08-00-43-09 00000.amcli2-09
2013-05-08-00-43-09 .
amrecover> setdisk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
200 Disk set to /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home.
amrecover> ls
2013-05-08-00-43-09 lost+found/
2013-05-08-00-43-09 .
- And then choose files to be restored.
[root@amcli3 /]# amrecover amcli3 -s amsrv -t amsrv
AMRECOVER Version 2.6.1p2. Contacting server on amsrv.example.com ...
220 amsrv AMANDA index server (2.6.1p2) ready.
Setting restore date to today (2013-05-08)
200 Working date set to 2013-05-08.
200 Config set to amcli3.
200 Dump host set to amcli3.example.com.
Use the setdisk command to choose dump disk to recover
amrecover> setdisk /data1
200 Disk set to /data1.
amrecover> add file.09
Added file /file.09
amrecover> extract
Extracting files using tape drive changer on host amsrv.example.com.
The following tapes are needed: amcli3-24 amcli3-01
Restoring files into directory /
Continue [?/Y/n]? Y
Extracting files using tape drive changer on host amsrv.example.com.
Load tape amcli3-24 now
Continue [?/Y/n/s/d]? Y
./file.09
